Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Geography
type: channel
description: "Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, series in Geography" is a peer-reviewed open-access periodical scientific journal. In this bulletin the actual problems of theory and practice of natural geography, public geography and cartography are lighted up. The journal sometimes contains literary reviews and reviews of the work of famous geographers.
publisher: Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
language: en
publication name: Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Geography
issn: 1728-2721
copyright: Read the policy at the link: https://geography.bulletin.knu.ua/licensing_copyright
items: POSITIONING OF ART TOURISM IN THE OVERALL STRUCTURE OF TOURISM
items: LOCAL FINANCES OF SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL RESEARCH
items: STATISTICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE NET CONTRIBUTION OF CLIMATE CHANGE TO THE FORMATION OF POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS IN THE ATMOSPHERIC AIR OVER THE TERRITORY OF UKRAINE
items: OPPORTUNITIES OF TRANSBOUNDARY ENVIRONMENTAL COOPERATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EUROPEAN INTEGRATION AND POST-WAR GREEN RECOVERY OF UKRAINE
items: POLISH NECROPOLIS AS A TOURIST RESOURCE AND A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINIAN-POLISH TOURISM AFTER THE WAR
items: INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE AS A RESOURCE FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL REGIONS: THE CASE OF KRYVYI RIH
items: DYNAMIC MODEL OF URBAN RESILIENCE FOR SPATIAL POLICY DEVELOPMENT
items: TERMINOLOGICAL BASE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ON FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
items: THEORETICAL BASICS OF STUDYING THE TOURIST POTENTIAL OF THE CULTURAL AND ARTISTIC PHENOMENON OF THE UKRAINIAN BAROQUE
items: CONDITION, TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENT FACTORS OF THE TRANSPORT STRUCTURE OF THE CITY OF CHERNIVTS
items: MIGRATION PROCESSES AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE POPULATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR
items: PHYSICAL ACCESSIBILITY OF PEDESTRIAN INFRASTRUCTURE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS
items: https://geography.bulletin.knu.ua/en/article/view/3700
items: CHARACTERISTICS OF CHINA'S WATER RESOURCES, THEIR USE AND MANAGEMENT
items: INTRODUCTION OF SPORTS ORIENTEERING INTO THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS
items: THE CURRENT STATE OF DEVELOPMENT OF RESTAURANT BUSINESS IN THE ZHYTOMYR REGION
items: FOOD SECURITY AND THE MARKET FOR CROP PRODUCTION IN THE CHERNIVTSI REGION
items: FEMALE IMAGES IN MONUMENTS AND MONUMENTAL SCUPTURE OF THE CITY OF KYIV: A GENDER GEOGRAPHY PERSPECTIVE
items: SOCIAL HOUSING IN UKRAINE: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS
items: THE CONCEPT OF 'INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT': APPROACHES TO ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN THE SYSTEM OF PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT OF DE-OCCUPIED TERRITORIES RESTORATION
items: STUDYING THE PROCESSES OF REVITALIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL AREAS ON THE EXAMPLE OF KYIV CITY
items: PLANNING CITIES BASED ON GENDER EQUALITY PRINCIPLES: APPROACHES AND EXPERIENCES
items: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF THE LOGISTICS OF PALACEAND CASTLE TOURISM
items: CREATING OF SPORTS MAPS FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL
items: ECOCOMPLEX "PERLYNA DZVINKOVA": POSSIBILITIES OF CHILDREN-DISPLACEMENTS IN REHABILITATION AND RECOVERY
items: "LEMKIVSKA VATRA" AS A RESOURCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ETHNO-EXOGENIC TOURISM IN UKRAINE
items: SOCIO-CULTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF UKRAINIAN BORDERLANDS IN THE WAR AND POST-WAR PERIOD: A RESEARCH REVIEW
items: INDICATORS AND CALCULATION PARAMETERS IN THE ASSESSMENT OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES FOR BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
items: TOPONYMIC DECOLONIZING IN CITY OF KYIV: A SPATIAL WAYFINDING APPROACH
items: DESIGN OF MILITARY GEOINFORMATION SYSTEMS. PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS

POSITIONING OF ART TOURISM IN THE OVERALL STRUCTURE OF TOURISM
type: item
description: Background. The problem of positioning art tourism in the structure of tourism is studied and the necessity of its allocation as an independent type of cultural tourism is substantiated. The relevance of the research topic is determined, which is due to the growing demand for specialised tourism products, among which art occupies an important place, which can act as a driving force for the development of tourist attractiveness of regions and destinations. Methods. The study uses the methods of logical analysis, systematic approach, comparative analysis of scientific publications, and the method of graphic systematisation to create a table of art tourism positioning. Results. Based on the analysis of scientific sources, the insufficient theoretical conceptualisation of art tourism is revealed, which complicates its integration into the development strategies of territories. It has been established that in modern scientific discussions art tourism is positioned mainly as a component of cultural tourism, although its specificity is determined by the active interaction of tourists with the artistic environment, which goes beyond the traditional passive contemplation. Based on the generalisation of existing classifications, the author proposes his own definition of art tourism as a type of cultural tourism, formed at the intersection of museum, creative and heritage tourism, which uses creativity as a resource potential for creating unique tourist products. A graphical model has been developed that visualises the place of art tourism among other types of cultural tourism. Recommendations for the creation of art tourism products with the integration of museum exhibitions, art events, historical and cultural resources and creative practices have been formulated, which provides aesthetic, educational and emotional experience for tourists. Conclusions. The obtained results suggest that the development of art tourism should focus on the integration of various cultural and art…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: art tourism
  topic: keywords
subject: cultural tourism
  topic: keywords
subject: museum tourism
  topic: keywords
subject: creative tourism
  topic: keywords
subject: tourism industry
  topic: keywords
subject: 242 - Tourism
  topic: disciplines
creator: Anton SYVENKO
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Антон СИВЕНКО, асп. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
starting page: 59
ending page: 64
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2025.92-93.8

LOCAL FINANCES OF SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL RESEARCH
type: item
description: Background. In the article, the author reveals the current approaches to determining the content of financial resources of local self-government bodies in Ukraine and analyses the regulatory framework and scientific sources on the problem under study. The essence of the most important categories that make up the conceptual apparatus of the study of the spatial development finance of territorial communities is determined. On the basis of the study, the evolution of its development is revealed. Methods. The methods used were the analysis of the legal framework, recent research and publications, induction, historical research and generalisation with justification of the author's own views and opinions Results. The concepts of basic definitions on the topic under study, which determine the theoretical and spatial aspects of the formation of financial resources of territorial communities in Ukraine, are revealed, taking into account the positions of both Ukrainian and foreign scholars and regulatory documents governing both the process of decentralisation and the possibilities of forming the financial sustainability of territorial communities. The study identifies the components and conditions for ensuring financial self-sufficiency of territorial communities, taking into account current social challenges, and also identifies the basic principles of financial management of territorial communities to ensure their capacity. Conclusions. The process of decentralisation in Ukraine is accompanied by the formation of capable territorial communities that will ensure balanced economic and social development of the respective territory, efficient use of natural, labour and financial resources, development of the community's human potential, and involvement of the community's potential to ensure its competitiveness. In the context of a full-scale war and the introduction of martial law, problems arise in the balanced development of communities, taking into account their existing f…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: community
  topic: keywords
subject: territorial community
  topic: keywords
subject: finances
  topic: keywords
subject: resources
  topic: keywords
subject: finances of territorial communities
  topic: keywords
subject: financial resources of territorial communities
  topic: keywords
subject: financial sustainability of a territorial community
  topic: keywords
subject: spatial organisation of a territorial community
  topic: keywords
subject: 106 – Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Taras KURYSH
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Тарас КУРИШ, асп, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
starting page: 52
ending page: 58
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2025.92-93.7

STATISTICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE NET CONTRIBUTION OF CLIMATE CHANGE TO THE FORMATION OF POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS IN THE ATMOSPHERIC AIR OVER THE TERRITORY OF UKRAINE
type: item
description: Background. Air pollution and climate change are among the key factors of negative anthropogenic impact on the environment. The variability of pollutants largely depends on emissions; however, the role of climate change in shaping pollutant concentrations remains insufficiently studied. This aspect is crucial for long-term planning to improve air quality and develop emission reduction strategies. This study presents an analysis of the net contribution of climate change to the formation of harmful pollutant concentrations using a statistical approach to time series decomposition. Methods. The research is based on monthly emission and concentration data of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), formaldehyde (CH2O), and tropospheric (ground-level) ozone (O3) from the Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service (CAMS) reanalysis for the period from 2003 to 2021, as well as air temperature, wind speed, and precipitation data from the ERA5 reanalysis. The application of an additive statistical model allowed the decomposition of pollutant concentrations’ time series into seasonal (intra-annual) components, interannual trends, and interannual dependencies of NO2, CH2O, and O3 variability on fluctuations of climate parameters. Results. Seasonal variability in pollutants’ concentrations, which depends both on meteorological changes and differences in pollutant emissions, explains 61–74% of the total variability of NO2 and about 90% of CH2O and O3. The interannual trends of the studied pollutants, which are influenced by changes in anthropogenic load, ranged from 0.6% to 3.6% for NO2 and are generally below 1% for CH2O and O3, yet with statistically significant changes. The net contribution of climate change, assessed through the statistical relationship between interannual variations of pollutant anomalies and anomalies in climate parameters, showed that climate change accounts for less than 10% of the total pollutants’ variability. On average, this contribution is approximately 5% for NO2, 3…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: nitrogen dioxide
  topic: keywords
subject: formaldehyde
  topic: keywords
subject: tropospheric ozone
  topic: keywords
subject: air pollution
  topic: keywords
subject: additive model
  topic: keywords
subject: climate change
  topic: keywords
subject: 103 – Earth Sciences
  topic: disciplines
creator: Mykhailo SAVENETS
creator: Sofiia KRAINYK
creator: Daria HRAMA
creator: Maryna RUDAS
creator: Oksana SKLIAR
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Михайло САВЕНЕЦЬ, к.геогр.н., ст. досл, , Софія КРАЙНИК, інженер, Дар’я ГРАМА, студентка, Марина РУДАС, студентка, Оксана СКЛЯР, студентка https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
starting page: 42
ending page: 51
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2025.92-93.6

OPPORTUNITIES OF TRANSBOUNDARY ENVIRONMENTAL COOPERATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EUROPEAN INTEGRATION AND POST-WAR GREEN RECOVERY OF UKRAINE
type: item
description: Background. The article emphasizes the relevance of transboundary environmental cooperation for Ukraine in the context of new reality caused by Russian aggression: accelerated integration into the European Union (EU) against the backdrop of recovery process. Given Ukraine's geopolitical location and shared borders with 4 EU countries (Poland, Slovakia, Hungary and Romania) and 1 EU candidate (Moldova), transboundary cooperation presents significant opportunities. Methods. The following methods were employed in this study: analysis, synthesis, observation, and comparison to identify current trends and model prospects of environmental transboundary cooperation. Results. It was analyzed the state of Ukraine's transboundary environmental cooperation before the war. The role of Euroregions established with 4 EU neighboring countries and Moldova ("Carpathians," "Bug," "Upper Prut," and "Dniester") and the European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC) with Hungary ("Tisza") as organizational forms of cooperation for implementing joint ecological initiatives is highlighted. The study examines the impact of Russia’s full-scale invasion on transboundary environmental collaboration, including shifts in priorities, emerging challenges, and, at the same time, new opportunities for cross-border environmental partnerships. The new opportunities are considered in the context of recovery process, particularly through Ukraine's participation in the European Green Deal and integration into European environmental standards. Conclusions. Transboundary cooperation within Euroregions and the EGTCs is identified as a key element in achieving sustainable development and environmental security in the region. Ukraine's integration into the EU offers opportunities for joint projects in monitoring environmental threats, energy efficiency and biodiversity conservation. The latter is a key basic for green recovery of Ukraine. For large-scale and strategic green recovery projects, EGTCs offe…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Euroregion
  topic: keywords
subject: European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC)
  topic: keywords
subject: green recovery
  topic: keywords
subject: green hydrogen
  topic: keywords
subject: 106 – Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Dmytro IVANOK
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Дмитро ІВАНОК, канд. геогр. наук, асист. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
starting page: 35
ending page: 41
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2025.92-93.5

POLISH NECROPOLIS AS A TOURIST RESOURCE AND A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINIAN-POLISH TOURISM AFTER THE WAR
type: item
description: The peculiarities of Polish necropolises as a tourist resource are revealed. Polish necropolises (both within modern Poland and beyond - in Ukraine, Lithuania, France) are an important tourist resource that can attract significant tourist flows. For Ukrainian tourists, it is fascinating from a historical, cultural and architectural point of view to get acquainted with the Polish cemeteries and graves that have been preserved today on the territory of Ukraine (in particular, in Lviv, Kyiv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Drohobych, Sambor, Fastov, Kamianets-Podilskyi, etc.), and to visit the relevant necropolises during visits to Poland, in particular, in Warsaw, Krakow, Zakopane, etc. The Orthodox Volsky cemetery in Warsaw is of particular interest to Ukrainian tourists, where one can see the graves of UNR figures and their relatives. At the same time, during the stay of Ukrainian tourists in such Polish cities as Szczecin, Wroclaw, Gdansk and others in the western and northern parts of Poland, questions from tourists about the locations and fate of old German cemeteries may be inconvenient for the Polish hosts. Ukrainian tourists should be informed about this during tours to the respective Polish cities. And for Polish tourists, a pleasant surprise can be the good preservation of Polish graves in Lviv (at the Lychakovsky Cemetery, including the recently restored Cemetery of Polish Eagles), Kyiv (Baikove Cemetery and the Polish Military Cemetery in Bykivnya), Kamianets-Podilskyi (monuments to Yuri Volodyevsky and Pope John Paul II, a commemorative plaque of the writer Henrik Sienkiewicz), etc. Therefore, the study of this issue is relevant and can contribute to improving the quality of tourist services for Ukrainians in Poland and Poles in Ukraine, in particular during the post-war recovery of the tourism industry in Ukraine.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Necropolis
  topic: keywords
subject: tourist resource
  topic: keywords
subject: necropolis in Poland
  topic: keywords
subject: Polish necropolises in Ukraine
  topic: keywords
subject: Polish necropolises in Lithuania
  topic: keywords
subject: 242 - Tourism
  topic: disciplines
creator: Igor SMYRNOV
creator: Olga LUBITSEVA
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ігор СМИРНОВ, д-р геогр. наук, проф., Ольга ЛЮБІЦЕВА, д-р геогр.наук, проф. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-14
publication date: 2025-07-14
starting page: 29
ending page: 34
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2025.92-93.4

INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE AS A RESOURCE FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL REGIONS: THE CASE OF KRYVYI RIH
type: item
description: Background. In modern conditions of post-industrial territorial transformation, the issue of preserving and re-evaluating industrial heritage gains particular relevance. The decline of functioning industries leaves behind numerous objects that can be either a source of decline or a potential for development. Kryvyi Rih, as one of Ukraine's most prominent industrial regions, has accumulated a significant array of such objects. The aim of this study is to analyze the industrial heritage of Kryvyi Rih as a resource for the sustainable development of the region, identify its potential for preservation and reuse, and outline the key challenges and opportunities for transforming the post-industrial landscape into a hub of public and tourist activity. Methods. The study was conducted based on the theoretical foundations of the International Committee for the Conservation of Industrial Heritage (TICCIH), including the Nizhny Tagil Charter and the Dublin Principles. Historical-geographical analysis, cartography, analysis of archival and field materials, typologization and systematization of objects were applied. Additionally, a research algorithm was developed, encompassing four stages: preparatory, expeditionary, analytical, and conceptual. Results. Within the scope of the study, foreign and Ukrainian discourses on industrial heritage were analyzed. An inventory of over 800 industrial heritage objects in Kryvyi Rih was conducted. Their typologization is proposed based on their subject essence, time of origin, and degree of preservation. A subject classification is presented, which considers manufacturing, infrastructure, social, memorial components, and intangible industrial heritage. Three historical periods of the region's industrial heritage formation and three levels of its preservation have been identified. Conclusions. The industrial heritage of Kryvyi Rih is an integral part of the regional identity and holds significant potential for integration into sustainable dev…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: industrial heritage
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainable development
  topic: keywords
subject: revitalization, industrial spaces
  topic: keywords
subject: Kryvyi Rih
  topic: keywords
subject: 242 - Tourism
  topic: disciplines
creator: Viktoriia PATSIUK
creator: Volodymyr KAZAKOV
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Вікторія ПАЦЮК, канд. геогр. наук, доц., Володимир КАЗАКОВ, канд. геогр. наук, доц. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-14
publication date: 2025-07-14
starting page: 22
ending page: 28
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2025.92-93.3

DYNAMIC MODEL OF URBAN RESILIENCE FOR SPATIAL POLICY DEVELOPMENT
type: item
description: Introduction. This article explores the concept of urban resilience as a key instrument of adaptive governance in the context of multidimensional threats and growing uncertainty. Emphasis is placed on the need to integrate the spatial dimension into resilience research, which remains insufficiently addressed in academic discourse. The aim of the study is to develop a methodological framework for a dynamic model of urban resilience that enables comprehensive analysis of the current state of the urban system and allows for the modification of its components in response to changes in the external environment. Methods. The research employs analytical methods, scenario modeling, and interdisciplinary approaches and models, including the multi-criteria decision analysis method and the DPSIR (Drivers–Pressures–State–Impact–Response) framework for comprehensive assessment of urban resilience. Results. The proposed dynamic model of urban resilience facilitates comprehensive analysis of the current state of the urban system and adaptation of its components to changes in the external environment. The model is based on the concepts of baseline, current, and prospective resilience, and utilizes mathematical modeling of diverse data to construct a composite index assessing urban system resilience. This index accounts for economic, social, governance, and environmental dimensions, and evaluates the capacity of urban systems to adapt to changes and respond to threats. An applied example is provided through the analysis of spatial indicators of resilience and the evaluation of baseline spatial resilience within the urban system’s “Greening and Public Spaces” spatial layer. Conclusions. The study reveals that the spatial characteristics of a city, in the context of building resilience, determine critical aspects such as infrastructure accessibility, efficiency of evacuation routes, responsiveness of emergency services, and the capacity of individual districts to function autonomously…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: urban resilience
  topic: keywords
subject: spatial layer
  topic: keywords
subject: residential district
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainable urban development
  topic: keywords
subject: dynamic model
  topic: keywords
subject: 106 – Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Nadiia ANTONENKO
creator: Daria MALCHYKOVA
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Надія АНТОНЕНКО, канд. архітектури, Дар'я МАЛЬЧИКОВА, д-р. геогр. наук, проф. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-14
publication date: 2025-07-14
starting page: 14
ending page: 21
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2025.92-93.2

TERMINOLOGICAL BASE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ON FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
type: item
description: Background. Foreign economic activity (FEA) is essential in supporting and developing the Ukrainian economy, which is especially significant in the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war. Work on fundamental aspects of foreign trade and foreign economic activity research in general is a contribution of Ukrainian scientists to expanding the general theoretical basis and providing opportunities for its practical application. Methods. Work on the article required the use of the method of studying professional literature to familiarize oneself with existing theoretical concepts and their further study using methods of analysis, comparison and synthesis. Results. A review of scientific developments on foreign economic activity was carried out, and a study of its terminological base was conducted. Key concepts and indicators used to characterize FEA are presented. The main theoretical approaches to defining foreign economic activity as a type of economic activity, a set of operations carried out and functions performed, a system of interaction of subjects at the international level, as well as a mechanism for integrating the national economy into the world economy, are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the interdisciplinary approach, according to which the scientific works of not only economists, but also scientists in the field of geography were processed, which allows us to study foreign economic activity in the broader context of globalization processes and spatial relationships. The article studies the main approaches to assessing foreign economic activity through a system of indicators that allow us to analyze the state of the country's foreign economic complex. In particular, such data that reveal information about trade volumes, structure (goods and services, geographical), the level of involvement in global trade processes, etc. Conclusions. The lack of a single approach to defining terms related to foreign economic activity is noted, which necessitates their sy…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: foreign economic activity
  topic: keywords
subject: foreign trade
  topic: keywords
subject: terminological base
  topic: keywords
subject: concepts and indicators
  topic: keywords
subject: geographical aspects of research
  topic: keywords
subject: 106 – Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Anatolii DANYLEVSKYI
creator: Serhii ULIGANETS
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Анатолій ДАНИЛЕВСЬКИЙ, асп., Сергій УЛІГАНЕЦЬ, канд. геогр. наук, доц. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-14
publication date: 2025-07-14
starting page: 7
ending page: 13
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2025.92-93.1

THEORETICAL BASICS OF STUDYING THE TOURIST POTENTIAL OF THE CULTURAL AND ARTISTIC PHENOMENON OF THE UKRAINIAN BAROQUE
type: item
description: Background. Ukrainian Baroque is an important cultural and artistic phenomenon for Ukraine and has significant tourist potential, which is relevant in the context of growing interest in Ukrainian culture. The latest research and publications were analyzed and an insufficient level of study of the topic of such a narrow issue was revealed, but the topic was widely disclosed at the level of individual aspects. The purpose of the study was to reveal the cultural and artistic phenomenon as a resource for tourism development using the example of the Ukrainian Baroque. Methods. The methods of analysis, SWOT analysis, induction, historical and generalization were used. Results. The concepts of culture, art, cultural and artistic phenomenon, cultural tourism, tourist potential, baroque, Ukrainian (Cossack, Mazepa) baroque and the definition of the phenomenon were revealed. During the study, the author's definitions of tourist potential and tourist potential of a cultural and artistic phenomenon were determined and proposed. A SWOT analysis of the tourism potential of cultural and artistic phenomena was conducted. Conclusions. The theoretical foundations of tourism research of the tourism potential of cultural and artistic phenomenon were investigated and revealed. In particular, the Ukrainian Baroque was considered as a phenomenon that combines European Baroque trends with Ukrainian traditions. According to the results of the study, specific sequential steps were proposed to determine the directions of development of the tourism potential of cultural and artistic phenomena. Research directions were proposed to determine the possibility of using the phenomenon of Ukrainian Baroque in tourism.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: cultural tourism
  topic: keywords
subject: phenomenon
  topic: keywords
subject: Cossack Baroque
  topic: keywords
subject: Mazepa Baroque
  topic: keywords
subject: 242 - Tourism
  topic: disciplines
creator: Maksym DARCHYK
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Максим ДАРЧИК, асп. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-28
publication date: 2025-03-28
starting page: 103
ending page: 107
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2024.90-91.14

CONDITION, TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENT FACTORS OF THE TRANSPORT STRUCTURE OF THE CITY OF CHERNIVTS
type: item
description: Background. A developed transport infrastructure is one of the defining elements of the sustainable growth of any region, because it contributes to the improvement of people's living standards, creates conditions for the effective functioning of the goods and services market, and is also a basic prerequisite for the economic growth of the country as a whole. Transport services occupy a significant place in territorial planning, because the existing and planned transport network affects the potential level of use of the territory, the location and specialization of the economy, the formation of network and logistics structures (houses, logistics centers, industrial parks, etc.). The rational use of urban space, a well-thoughtout combination of individual modes of transport (railway, road, urban, aviation, pipeline), establishing connections between communities by individual modes of transport (access roads, train stations, stations and stops, airports) creates a single transport system, the operation of which can ensure the minimization of time spent on the movement of passengers and goods, both internal and external, as well as closer and more intensive connections between communities. Transport is involved in the creation of products and the distribution of these products to consumers, it interconnects the production and consumption of products between different sectors of the economy, between countries or regions. Transport plays an important role in the emergence and development of intensive exchange of goods between the various territories involved in this division. The degree of development of transport depends on the growth of the division of labor in the territory, its strengthening and the emergence of new, more efficient forms. Transport infrastructure has an impact on the quality of life and the development of cities, therefore a deep theoretical analysis of its work becomes an important and urgent task. Methods. The following methods were used: the compar…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: transport structure
  topic: keywords
subject: urban space
  topic: keywords
subject: transport network
  topic: keywords
subject: urban passenger transport
  topic: keywords
subject: 106 – Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Denys ZOLOTUNETS
creator: Serhii KUDRINSKY
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Денис ЗОЛОТУНЕЦЬ, асп. , Сергій КУДРІНСЬКИЙ, студ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-28
publication date: 2025-03-28
starting page: 98
ending page: 102
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2024.90-91.13

MIGRATION PROCESSES AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE POPULATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR
type: item
description: Background. The transition of the Russian-Ukrainian war into the phase of high intensity, which fell on February 24, 2022, became the cause of acute demographic and economic crises in Ukraine, mass forced migration. The processes to which the Ukrainian state was gradually able to adapt in the period 2014–2021 acquired catastrophic proportions in 2022 due to the fact that the entire country became the arena of military operations and destructive shelling. The consequences of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine will be felt even decades after its end. The war has already introduced a disproportion in the spatial distribution of the population, which may deepen in the future. Methods. Using the comparative and geographical method, statistical analysis and synthesis, the quantitative indicators of forced external and internal migration of the population due to the war in Ukraine were revealed, the level of quality of life of internally displaced persons, the amount of destruction due to full-scale invasion and permanent shelling of the Ukrainian territory was investigated. Ways to restore the destroyed territory, residential and non-residential infrastructure of the country are analyzed. With the help of a qualitative method of sociological research (in-depth interviews), the experience of displacement of external and internal migrants was investigated. Results. The subjective vision of internal and external migrants regarding the prospects of their return to their primary places of residence was determined, which directly depends on both the time spent outside their places of origin and whether refugees and internally displaced persons have a place to return to, as well as other traumatic factors. Conclusions. Reconstruction of the destroyed, overcoming the demographic crisis, well-thought-out housing and social policy for the integration of internally displaced persons and encouraging the return of external forced migrants – these are the challenges that are acute…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: quality of life of the population
  topic: keywords
subject: internally displaced persons
  topic: keywords
subject: forced migration
  topic: keywords
subject: cities
  topic: keywords
subject: reconstruction
  topic: keywords
subject: 106 – Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Anastasiia PETROVSKA
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Анастасія ПЕТРОВСЬКА, асп. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-28
publication date: 2025-03-28
starting page: 92
ending page: 97
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2024.90-91.12

PHYSICAL ACCESSIBILITY OF PEDESTRIAN INFRASTRUCTURE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS
type: item
description: Background. Walking is a basic mode of mobility that is accessible to everyone. However, not all pedestrian infrastructure is physically accessible to all categories of users. This primarily concerns people with reduced mobility, such as people with disabilities or temporary loss of mobility, the elderly, pregnant women, parents with strollers, etc. In the course of hostilities in the Russia-Ukraine war, the number of people with disabilities among military and civilians is increasing and they have the right to use urban space fully. At the same time, it is impossible to use outdated Soviet and car-oriented post-Soviet approaches to street planning and design hereafter. One of the most urgent tasks for Ukrainian cities and communities in the development of pedestrian infrastructure is to ensure that pedestrian crossings are properly arranged and brought in line with modern regulations. In such places, the border between the roadway and the sidewalk made at the same level, as well as establishing of traffic calming means are the normality for European cities. Ukrainian cities have been actively working on this task in recent years. Methods. The methodology for studying physical accessibility of pedestrian infrastructure was developed on the basis of the current regulatory framework of Ukraine, including the adaptation of international ISO standards in this area. In addition, theoretical studies by Ukrainian scientists, as well as the experience of leading cities in developed countries and Ukraine, were taken into account. Results. The case study, according to the authors' methodology, was a study of surface pedestrian crossings in the central part of Kyiv within the Shevchenkivskyi, Pecherskyi, Holosiivskyi, and Podilskyi administrative districts. The data was collected and processed in February-March and updated in July 2024. The results of the study revealed that only 25% of the studied approaches to pedestrian crossings fully comply with accessibility standards, w…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: city
  topic: keywords
subject: pedestrian infrastructure
  topic: keywords
subject: accessibility
  topic: keywords
subject: inclusiveness
  topic: keywords
subject: GIS
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainable development
  topic: keywords
subject: 106 – Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Tymofii NAHORNYI
creator: Semen VERKHOHLIADOV
creator: Anton VOLOVYCH
creator: Stanislav KLYMENKO
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Тимофій НАГОРНИЙ, асп. , Семен ВЕРХОГЛЯДОВ, студ. , Антон ВОЛОВИЧ, студ., Станіслав КЛИМЕНКО, Начальник Управління комплексних схем дорожнього руху https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-28
publication date: 2025-03-28
starting page: 84
ending page: 91
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2024.90-91.11

https://geography.bulletin.knu.ua/en/article/view/3700
type: item
title: THE CURRENT STATE OF CARTOGRAPHY LEARNING IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS OF GEOGRAPHY STUDENTS IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS OF UKRAINE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS OF TARAS SHEVCHENKO NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF KYIV)
description: Background. Cartography is an important educational component at the bachelor's level of higher education in the training of future geographers. It serves as a foundation for developing students' cartographic worldview, providing a system of knowledge about the methods of representing the surrounding world, and laying the groundwork for basic approaches and cartographic culture in the creation and use of cartographic works. Scientific and technological progress, along with other dynamic processes directly related to the safety of educational activities in higher education, highlight the need to justify and rapidly implement modern forms and methods of teaching cartography in all educational programs for geographers. Methods. The general methodological foundation of the study is based on the core principles of invitation theory. To achieve the set goals and tasks, the following approaches were employed: a systemic approach, methods: of analysis and synthesis, abstraction and concretization, comparison, scientific classification, and information. Results. It has been established that the majority of educational programs in the studied area include a mandatory component, "Cartography," or an integrated course, "Cartography with the Basics of Topography," which are taught in the minimum necessary volumes (90 and 120 hours, respectively) to provide students with a basic level of cartographic competencies. The most optimal placement of cartographic disciplines in the geography curriculum is in the 2nd or 3rd semester. The existing forms of organizing cartography lessons in geography training include lectures, practical sessions, and consultations. Current directions for optimizing cartography education include blended learning, increasing the role of interactive technologies, adaptive learning, and the integration of artificial intelligence elements. A necessary condition for professional teaching of cartography in higher education is the presence of highly qualified pers…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: cartography
  topic: keywords
subject: higher geographical education
  topic: keywords
subject: forms of organizing the educational process,
  topic: keywords
subject: teaching methods
  topic: keywords
subject: cartographic competencies
  topic: keywords
subject: 103 – Earth Sciences
  topic: disciplines
creator: Eduard BONDARENKO
creator: Tetiana DUDUN
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Едуард БОНДАРЕНКО, д-р геогр. наук, проф., Тетяна ДУДУН, канд. геогр. наук, доц. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-28
publication date: 2025-03-28
starting page: 77
ending page: 83
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2024.90-91.10

CHARACTERISTICS OF CHINA'S WATER RESOURCES, THEIR USE AND MANAGEMENT
type: item
description: Background. This article is a continuation of a previous study that characterized the hydrographic features of China. Its purpose is to characterize China's water resources and the challenges associated with their use and management in a country that has been developing rapidly in recent decades. Methods. To write the article, the information posted on the official websites of the Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China, the Ministry of Ecology and Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China, the Water Resources Commission of the Yangtze River Basin, and the global information system of the UN FAO – Aquastat-FAO (China profile) were used. The information was processed by statistical methods. Results. There are 9 main groups of river basins on the territory of China. In the north are: Song-Liao (from the names of the Sungari and Liaohe rivers) or Heilong (Amur)-Sungari; Huaihe; Yellow River; Hai Luan; internal river basins. The total average annual internal flow in these 5 groups of river basins is estimated at 535.5 km3, which is almost 20 % of the country's internal renewable water resources. In the south are the Yangtze, Xijiang (Pearl), southwestern and southeastern river basin groups. The total average annual runoff of these 4 groups of river basins is estimated at 2,176.2 km3, which is slightly more than 80 % of the country's. Internal water resources (local surface runoff together with groundwater) amount to 2812.4 km3. Accordingly, for 1 person – 2000 m3/year. Total water resources (local and transit surface runoff together with groundwater) amount to 2839.7 km3. Accordingly, for 1 person – 2011 m3/year. The annual assessment of water resources depends significantly on the water content of the year (amount of precipitation). Conclusions. In China, a policy of integrated water resources management has been implemented, which was manifested in the adoption of the Water Law, in the activation of the work of 6 river basin comm…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: water resources
  topic: keywords
subject: surface water
  topic: keywords
subject: groundwater
  topic: keywords
subject: management
  topic: keywords
subject: "Three Red Lines" strategy
  topic: keywords
subject: water rights trading
  topic: keywords
subject: river diversion
  topic: keywords
subject: China
  topic: keywords
subject: 103 – Earth Sciences
  topic: disciplines
creator: Valentyn KHILCHEVSKYI
creator: Jingyao HOU
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Валентин ХІЛЬЧЕВСЬКИЙ, д-р геогр. наук, проф. , Цзін'яо ХОУ, магістр https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-28
publication date: 2025-03-28
starting page: 66
ending page: 76
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2024.90-91.9

INTRODUCTION OF SPORTS ORIENTEERING INTO THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS
type: item
description: Background. Orienteering is one of the popular sports that contributes to the development of physical, intellectual, and psycho-emotional skills. Due to its unique combination of physical activity and the need for quick decision-making, this sport becomes an important element in the upbringing of the younger generation. In the modern educational process, orienteering has great potential for integration into curricula, as it not only promotes physical development but also cultivates critical thinking skills, teamwork, and adaptability to various conditions. However, there are certain difficulties and challenges that need to be overcome to achieve optimal results. Therefore, it is relevant to identify ways to implement orienteering into the educational process. The aim of this study is to determine effective ways of integrating orienteering into the educational process to popularize this sport and develop students' physical, intellectual, and psycho-emotional skills. Methods. The study analyzed foreign experience and orienteering programs with the potential for integration into the educational process, reviewed existing programs and scientific research on orienteering in Ukraine, and identified a competency based approach. Results. Orienteering has a significant impact on the development of students' physical and intellectual skills. One of the key challenges in integrating orienteering into the educational process is the need to adapt curricula and train teaching staff. The recommendations proposed in the study demonstrate that with proper implementation, orienteering can become an important element of the educational process, contributing not only to physical education but also to the development of key competencies, critical thinking, leadership qualities, and enhancing students' overall motivation for learning. Conclusions. The experience of many countries shows that incorporating orienteering into educational programs has a positive impact on the development of s…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: orienteering
  topic: keywords
subject: secondary school
  topic: keywords
subject: educational and methodological recommendations for orienteering
  topic: keywords
subject: 242 - Tourism
  topic: disciplines
creator: Oleg GRYNIUK
creator: Tanya GULYAS
creator: Ariana RADCHENKO
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Олег ГРИНЮК, канд. геогр. наук, доц., Тетяна ГУЛЯС, асп. , Аріана РАДЧЕНКО, студ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-28
publication date: 2025-03-28
starting page: 59
ending page: 65
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2024.90-91.8

THE CURRENT STATE OF DEVELOPMENT OF RESTAURANT BUSINESS IN THE ZHYTOMYR REGION
type: item
description: Background. The restaurant services market has entered a new stage of development due to the events that have taken place in our country and the world: COVID-19 and modern military aggression, which have led to the emergence of new formats of restaurant business establishments. The activity of restaurant business establishments during the COVID-19 period contributed to the introduction of new modern IT technologies in the field of catering, and the development of new methodological recommendations for the operation of establishments in special covid conditions. Methods. In writing the paper, we used such methods as analysis, synthesis, observation and comparison to identify the patterns of functioning of restaurant business establishments. Results. The study of the current state of activity of restaurant business establishments both in the country as a whole and in the city of Zhytomyr in the conditions of hostilities has shown that modern restaurant business services provide not only basic but also higher needs of society. The following trends in the restaurant business are becoming popular: food markets and innovative food courts (cultivation of markets and their transformation into universal gastronomic spaces); slow-food (slow consumption of tasty and healthy food, education of taste in customers and restoration of their respect for food); finger-food (buffet where you eat only with your hands) and tapas (one huge plate for everyone); transition to cooking with environmentally friendly products, etc. It is established that the level of development of the restaurant business in the country is different and needs to be improved. The specific problems faced by restaurateur entrepreneurs in relocating their establishments to safer areas are identified. An analysis of the current state of development of restaurant business establishments in the city of Zhytomyr is carried out. Conclusions. The main directions of activity that can help to restore the work of restauran…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: restaurant business
  topic: keywords
subject: restaurant formats
  topic: keywords
subject: restaurant business trends
  topic: keywords
subject: innovations
  topic: keywords
subject: competition
  topic: keywords
subject: 242 - Tourism
  topic: disciplines
creator: Sergii- ZAPOTOTSKYI
creator: Svitlana TYSHCHENKO
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Сергій ЗАПОТОЦЬКИЙ, д-р геогр. наук, проф, Світлана ТИЩЕНКО, канд. екон. наук, доц. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-28
publication date: 2025-03-28
starting page: 50
ending page: 58
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2024.90-91.7

FOOD SECURITY AND THE MARKET FOR CROP PRODUCTION IN THE CHERNIVTSI REGION
type: item
description: Background. The prerequisites for the study are methodological developments of the scientists of the Institute of Agrarian Economics and attempts to implement them at the regional level. They are based on the assessment of the food market capacity, taking into account the regional agricultural specialisation of the production of certain agricultural products, the purchasing power of the population and the demand for various types of agricultural products. Simultaneously, this implies taking into account, in addition to intra-regional production and demand, inter-regional product movement and the formation of expert potential. The article considers the concept of the food market and the features of its formation. The minimum and rational consumption norms are indicated. The object of the study is the food market of the regional region from the position of filling it with plant products. Methods. The research methodology consists of assessing the actual volume of the capacity of the intra-regional consumer food market and agricultural product markets, taking into account the consumption of food products at the level of minimum and rational nutritional standards of the population of the regional region. To achieve the set goal, a number of scientific methods were used. Namely, horological; mathematical modelling; economic; balance and normative; abstraction and generalisation; statistical methods were used. Results. The current state of plant production development is analyzed and an assessment of the formation of supply on the food market with plant products in the Chernivtsi region is carried out. In the agriculture of the Chernivtsi region, the trends of dominance of plant production over livestock farming in the structure of agricultural production, growth in areas and gross yields of technical and fruit crops continue. Reduction in the number of cattle and the general dominance of agricultural formations in crop production (except for potato, vegetable, etc.) and …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: food market
  topic: keywords
subject: food security
  topic: keywords
subject: minimum consumption rate
  topic: keywords
subject: rational consumption rate
  topic: keywords
subject: agricultural production
  topic: keywords
subject: crop production
  topic: keywords
subject: rural population
  topic: keywords
subject: urban population
  topic: keywords
subject: 106 – Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Myroslav ZAIACHUK
creator: Rodika TIMISH
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Мирослав ЗАЯЧУК, д-р геогр. наук, доц. , Родіка ТІМІШ, асп. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-28
publication date: 2025-03-28
starting page: 45
ending page: 49
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2024.90-91.6

FEMALE IMAGES IN MONUMENTS AND MONUMENTAL SCUPTURE OF THE CITY OF KYIV: A GENDER GEOGRAPHY PERSPECTIVE
type: item
description: Background. The article addresses the issue of gender (dis)balance in the monumental sculpture of the city of Kyiv. We consider monumental sculpture – which combines compositions of both memorial and entertaining art – to be part of urban symbolic space, representing and accentuating in public places key political and social values, identities, and markers of societal development. For that reason, not only researchers from the field of arts and urban studies, but also sociologists, historians and human (including gender) geographers pay ever greater attention to the study of monuments and more generally urban monumental sculpture. The goal of the present work was to analyze the degree of women's images being represented in the monumental sculpture of the city of Kyiv. More specific tasks included an overview of similar research done in other countries of Europe and beyond; addressing both quantitative and qualitative aspects of how women are represented in the monumental sculpture of the city of Kyiv; looking into the spatial distribution of monuments and sculpture with female images within the city (by administrative districts); comparison of the city of Kyiv to other capitals and large cities abroad; analysis of historical-geographic factors impacting the Ukraine's memorial space evolution and representation in the monuments of the city of Kyiv. Methods. This work is a case-study with the elements of basic statistical, comparative, and interpretative analіsis. Data sources include reference guides and tourist maps. Results. In terms of quantitative balance between female and male images in the monumental sculpture (41 to 360), the city of Kyiv falls behind a number of large cities in several leading countries of the world. In particular, there is a small number of monuments representing real historical figures of women – only 17%. Chronologically, there was a significant increase in the number of female images in monumental sculpture installed after Ukraine gained…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: monuments
  topic: keywords
subject: monumental sculpture
  topic: keywords
subject: memorial space
  topic: keywords
subject: gender balance
  topic: keywords
subject: women's representation
  topic: keywords
subject: gender geography
  topic: keywords
subject: 106 – Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Tetiana ZELENSKA
creator: Yulian BRAYCHEVSKYY
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Тетяна ЗЕЛЕНСЬКА, студ. , Юліан БРАЙЧЕВСЬКИЙ, канд. геогр. наук, доц. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-28
publication date: 2025-03-28
starting page: 38
ending page: 44
doi: 10.17721//1728-2721.2024.90-91.5

SOCIAL HOUSING IN UKRAINE: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS
type: item
description: Background. The concept of social housing is a recent one, but as an idea, it dates back to the First Industrial Revolution. The modern definition of social housing, while varying from country to country, includes key features such as targeting groups of population with limited financial resources and requiring financial support from the state or private sector. Housing is crucial in everyday life, closely linked to a sense of security, control over life, stability, and health; housing circumstances play a key role in the formation and functioning of a social unit. Methods. The study used the method of analysing theoretical literature, as well as reports and statistics, historical and descriptive methods, comparative analysis, and method of generalization. Results. The article presents the results of a study of the concept of 'social housing', the current state, problems, and prospects of social construction. The study is based on the analysis of data collected in theoretical literature, as well as reports and statistic databases describing social housing. The study analyses the formation of social housing and the stages of its development and compares the experiences of other countries and Ukraine. Examples of successful implementation of social housing programmes, foreign and Ukrainian practices were collected. The quantitative characteristics of social housing needs, the current situation, and programs aimed at providing housing for vulnerable groups are described. Conclusions. It is found that Ukrainian legislation does not regulate the issues of social, temporary, and affordable housing, there are no clear mechanisms for providing the population with social housing and there is a critical shortage of it, even though there is a great demand for it. It is proved that the housing market requires clear legislative regulation and the creation of an effective housing policy in the country. The findings highlight the main problems of social housing, especially among I…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: social housing
  topic: keywords
subject: temporary housing
  topic: keywords
subject: crisis housing
  topic: keywords
subject: modular town
  topic: keywords
subject: housing stock
  topic: keywords
subject: IDPs
  topic: keywords
subject: 106 – Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Viktoriia ZAPOTOTSKA
creator: Andrii PANKIV
creator: Danila SHPAK
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Вікторія ЗАПОТОЦЬКА, канд. геогр. наук, доц. , Андрій ПАНЬКІВ, студ., Даніла ШПАК, студ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-28
publication date: 2025-03-28
starting page: 31
ending page: 37
doi: 10.17721//1728-2721.2024.90-91.4

THE CONCEPT OF 'INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT': APPROACHES TO ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN THE SYSTEM OF PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT OF DE-OCCUPIED TERRITORIES RESTORATION
type: item
description: The article examines the specifics of applying the concept of 'integrated development' to form a system of governance and management decision[1]making in the interests of restoring the de-occupied territories. The scientific discourse on integrated development is examined through the prism of defining the essence of integrated development, its components, implementation in the system of territory development planning, introduction of new planning tools and changes in approaches to the use of the relevant traditional tools, and the experience of practical application of the concept in the interests of local and regional development. The concept, which significantly modernises the traditional system of territorial development planning in Ukraine, has been in practical use since 2010. The Concept of Integrated Development of a City or Territorial Community became the key document for implementing the approach. There are examples of this document being developed for individual territorial Hromadas, including rural ones. Our research shows a significant prospect of implementing the integrated planning approach for the de-occupied territories. The article analyses scientific approaches to understanding and applying the concept of 'integrated development' to the study of local development and spatial planning. The key requests of the de-occupied Hromadas of the Kharkiv region regarding the destruction, vision of directions and the most urgent problems of restoring the de-occupied territories are identified. The long-lasting large-scale war has led to significant destruction, prolonged occupation of certain territories, and destroyed the logic and logistics of economic development of individual territorial Hromadas and regions. The article highlights the main features and characteristics of the de-occupied territories of Ukraine, as well as the main tools for planning and managing recovery. The restoration of the de-occupied territories and rethinking the development of ter…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: integrated development
  topic: keywords
subject: concept of integrated development
  topic: keywords
subject: de-occupied territory
  topic: keywords
subject: restoration of the de-occupied territory
  topic: keywords
subject: territory development planning
  topic: keywords
subject: territorial community
  topic: keywords
subject: 106 – Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Sergii ZAPOTOTSKYI
creator: Sergii ZAIKIN
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Сергій ЗАПОТОЦЬКИЙ, д-р геогр. наук, проф., Сергій ЗАІКІН, асп. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-28
publication date: 2025-03-28
starting page: 25
ending page: 30
doi: 10.17721//1728-2721.2024.90-91.3

STUDYING THE PROCESSES OF REVITALIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL AREAS ON THE EXAMPLE OF KYIV CITY
type: item
description: Background. Kyiv, as the capital of Ukraine, faces the issue of neglected industrial areas that negatively impact the urban landscape, economy, and ecology. Revitalization processes can become a key element for the sustainable development of the city in the future. The article aims to explore the current state of industrial areas, their potential for transformation, and the main directions of revitalization. Methods. The research is based on a comprehensive approach, including the analysis of statistical data, the study of successful cases, and field research. A comprehensive approach is applied for conducting revitalization research of industrial areas, including the following methods: document analysis, field research, cartographic analysis, sociological surveys, comparative analysis, economic analysis, and environmental assessment. Results. The economic, social, and environmental aspects of the revitalization process are analyzed to identify prospects for different areas. Based on the data, strategies for the development of various city districts, taking into account their specifics, are proposed. By analyzing Ukrainian and foreign sources, the social and economic benefits associated with revitalization, including the creation of new jobs, business development, crime reduction, and quality of life improvement, are examined. The main problematic points remain financial costs, corruption, and lack of interest from authorities. Conclusions. The conclusions present strategies for the optimal use of urban areas through revitalization from environmental and social perspectives. It is important that revitalization allows for the preservation of historical heritage, ensuring the stability of Kyiv's development. The research results can serve as a basis for further revitalization projects of urban areas in Ukraine, contributing to the improvement of the urban environment and the integration of modern practices into urban planning.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: revitalization
  topic: keywords
subject: renovation
  topic: keywords
subject: industrial areas
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainable development
  topic: keywords
subject: Kyiv
  topic: keywords
subject: urban planning
  topic: keywords
subject: brownfields
  topic: keywords
subject: adaptive transformation
  topic: keywords
subject: 106 – Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Viktoriia ZAPOTOTSKA
creator: Yuliia ZHYROVA
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Вікторія ЗАПОТОЦЬКА, канд. геогр. наук, доц., Юлія ЖИРОВА, студ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-28
publication date: 2025-03-28
starting page: 14
ending page: 24
doi: 10.17721//1728-2721.2024.90-91.2

PLANNING CITIES BASED ON GENDER EQUALITY PRINCIPLES: APPROACHES AND EXPERIENCES
type: item
description: Background. Integration of gender mainstreaming into urban planning is essential for achieving social justice, inclusiveness, and sustainable urban development. Implementing gender equality principles in urban planning enhances the quality of life for all residents. Experiences from cities worldwide demonstrate the effectiveness and necessity of adopting gender-sensitive approaches to urban planning. The aim of the study is to explore approaches and positive experiences in city planning based on gender equality, as well as to identify the advantages, challenges, and opportunities for their application in Ukrainian cities. Methods. The study draws on diverse sources, including scientific research (articles and monographs), materials and projects from international organisations, presentations, discussions of initiatives, and expert commentary in the field of urban planning. The results were obtained using methods of analysis and synthesis, the construction of logical schemes, and SWOT analysis. Results. This article presents the results of a study analysing positive examples of gender mainstreaming projects of varying scales in cities across the globe. It identifies practices that can be adapted for implementation in Ukraine while outlining the challenges and opportunities associated with urban planning in the context of gender mainstreaming. A logical framework was developed to conceptualise gender mainstreaming within the context of creating a gender-just city. The research highlights that integrating gender perspectives into urban planning significantly enhances the functionality, inclusiveness, safety, accessibility, and comfort of urban spaces for all citizens. To further explore these opportunities, a SWOT analysis was conducted to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with implementing gender-sensitive approaches in Ukraine's urban planning processes. Сonclusions. Successful gender-sensitive planning projects demonstrate tha…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: city
  topic: keywords
subject: gender equality
  topic: keywords
subject: gender mainstreaming
  topic: keywords
subject: public spaces
  topic: keywords
subject: urban planning
  topic: keywords
subject: participation
  topic: keywords
subject: 106 – Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Nataliia PROVOTAR
creator: Yaroslav KOTSIUBA
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Наталія ПРОВОТАР, канд. геогр. наук, доц. , Ярослав КОЦЮБА, асп. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-03-28
publication date: 2025-03-28
starting page: 7
ending page: 13
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2024.90-91.1

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF THE LOGISTICS OF PALACEAND CASTLE TOURISM
type: item
description: Palace and castle tourism is a kind of tourism that is rapidly gaining popularity in the world, particularly in Ukraine. This kind of cultural tourism is focused on visiting and studying historical and architectural monuments, such as palaces, castles, fortresses, monasteries and other objects of great historical, cultural and architectural value. It helps visitors to see unique historical objects, find out more about history and culture of the country, region or city where they are situated on. Moreover, palace and castle tourism boosts the local economy and cultural heritage. This article is aimed at the study of the theoretical and methodological basics of logistics in the palace and castle tourism. In this article the peculiarities of the logistical processes in the area of cultural heritage are analyzed, the importance of the implementation of logistics for the better tourist service and improving of the tourist flow management is set. Also, the issues of the preservation of Historical value of the objects, tourist flow management, using the IT in logistics and other aspects affecting the development of the palace and castle tourism are considered in this article. This work includes the analysis of the current trends in the tourist area, highlights challenges and obstacles in the implementation of logistics and shows the perspectives for future research. The research findings can be valuable for the members of the tourism industry, researchers and government structures that are involved in the development of the cultural heritage. The chosen topic has a high relevance in the modern world. The growing attention to the cultural heritage including palaces and castles provides new possibilities for the tourism industry. The development of logistics in this context becomes an important factor of the better tourist service and the improvement of the tourist flow management. The research of this topic boosts the development of the tourist.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: logistics
  topic: keywords
subject: palace and castle tourism
  topic: keywords
subject: cultural heritage
  topic: keywords
subject: tourist flow
  topic: keywords
subject: IT
  topic: keywords
subject: management of logistical processes
  topic: keywords
subject: 106 – Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Oleksandr TEPLIUK
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Асп. Олександр ТЕПЛЮК https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-06-25
publication date: 2024-06-25
starting page: 46
ending page: 49
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2024.88-89.6

CREATING OF SPORTS MAPS FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL
type: item
description: Background. Modern education is impossible to imagine without gaining practical skills and abilities that are difficult to obtain only in the classrooms of the school. Training that forms practical competencies is more effective. Orienteering is a type of activity that combines physical, practical and intellectual components. This is effortless to do when organizing training sessions "plain air" in the green areas adjacent to university buildings. However, the deficit of appropriate cartographic material, namely the quality sports maps, prevents such training sessions for students. Thus, it is relevant to study the functionality of available GIS software. The purpose of this study is to reveal the possibility of using and the availability of sports orientation in general secondary education institutions and to develop an algorithm for creating a map and a route for conducting orientation with students on the example of Tetiiv Lyceum No. 2 of the Kyiv region. Methods. The research methodology is based on the analysis and generalization of geo-information software for creating sports maps, the analysis of the suitability of satellite images of the territory of Ukraine and other cartographic materials. The GIS mapping method was used - from the selection of the optimal projection and the corresponding coordinate system to the creation of a sports map in the Open Orienteering Mapper program. Results. The main stages of creating a sports map are: preparing the base map; mapping the territory - creating a map;distance planning;preparing the map for printing. To create a substrate, we recommend using the "SASPlanet" program. You can use the "Open Orienteering" program to create an actual cartographic work - a sports map. It is better to plan, create a race distance, design and prepare a map for printing in the "Purple Pen" program. The algorithm for creating a sports map with the possibility of further mapping with the help of free GIS support is presented on the example o…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: orienteering
  topic: keywords
subject: sports map
  topic: keywords
subject: secondary school
  topic: keywords
subject: GIS
  topic: keywords
subject: Open Orienteering Mapper
  topic: keywords
subject: 106 – Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Oleg GRYNIUK
creator: Antonina YURIEVA
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Канд. геогр. наук, доц. Олег ГРИНЮК, Магістр Антоніна ЮР'ЄВА https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-06-25
publication date: 2024-06-25
starting page: 40
ending page: 45
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2024.88-89.5

ECOCOMPLEX "PERLYNA DZVINKOVA": POSSIBILITIES OF CHILDREN-DISPLACEMENTS IN REHABILITATION AND RECOVERY
type: item
description: The full-scale war, which has been going on since February 2022, has made significant adjustments to the normal life of Ukrainians,which has led to the need to consider and search for new opportunities for providing health care services and organizing leisure time, psychological recovery for different categories of people. Children suffer the most from the impact of war, because they are very vulnerable and experiencing traumatic events during war can lead to serious psychological suffering. The natural resources, including recreational and health, the available infrastructure of eco-complex "Perlyna Dzvinkova" of the Dzvinkove village, Kyiv region (Boyarska territorial community) were explored. The possibility of using this eco-complex and its adjacent territory as a health center for the rehabilitation needs of displaced children is substantiated. It was found that the area of the eco-complex has favorable natural resourcesand necessary infrastructure for the children's stay during the visit. This eco-complex provides the necessity for comfortable living, food, health and recreation for children. The main and specific features of psychotherapeutic work with children and adolescents as the main directions of the rehabilitation process were analyzed by authors. The activities of the qualified staff of the "Questy Camp" children's camp and other participants of the charity program, which provide rest and rehabilitation for children of war, were analyzed. It was determined that the proposed range of events for children: various quests, outdoor activities, English language and acting lessons, various master classes are suitable for rehabilitative influence. It was indicated on the basis of practical experience that one of the most effective areas of psychological assistance in crisis situations are: therapy sessions with experienced psychologists, collective games, communication with animals, hippotherapy and horse riding, the opportunity to master the basics of sailin…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: ecocomplex
  topic: keywords
subject: rehabilitation services
  topic: keywords
subject: migrant children
  topic: keywords
subject: psychological rehabilitation of children
  topic: keywords
subject: health services
  topic: keywords
subject: 106 – Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Tetiana MYKHAILENKO
creator: Andriy SICHKA
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Канд. геогр. наук, доц. Тетяна МИХАЙЛЕНКО, Андрій СІЧКА https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-06-25
publication date: 2024-06-25
starting page: 34
ending page: 39
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2024.88-89.4

"LEMKIVSKA VATRA" AS A RESOURCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ETHNO-EXOGENIC TOURISM IN UKRAINE
type: item
description: Geographical and historical features of the Lemkis as the mostwestern ethnic group of the Ukrainian people are revealed. The example of the International Ethnographic Festival "Lemkivska Vatra", which is held annually in the small town of Zdynia in the Small Poland Voivodeship of Poland, shows the possibilities of strengthening tourist cooperation between Polish and Ukrainian Lemkis in the current difficult conditions of unmotivated Russian aggression against Ukraine. Starting from 2022, the "Lemkivska Vatra" festival has been consistently running a line in support of Ukraine in this war, which was reflected in its slogan: "Vatra is in solidarity with Ukraine." Linguistic-cultural and geographical-historical features of Lemkivshchyna were analyzed and on this basis the close connection of the Lemkis with Great Ukraine, which they constantly maintained and maintain today under various historical conditions, were emphasized. The activation of tourist connections between Lemkis in Poland and Ukraine will contribute not only to the further expansion of the Ukrainian-speaking space, but also to the strengthening of Ukrainian-Polish relations. Profiles of outstanding representatives of the Lemkos, who have gained worldwide popularity and are therefore interesting for the development of tourism, are presented and characterized. Some of them are well known in Ukraine, moreover, their activities contributed to the formation of the national and patriotic consciousness of the Ukrainian nation. We are talking, first of all, about Mykhailo Verbytskyi, a Lemko by origin, the author of the music for the National Anthem of Ukraine. The next name of Lemko's origin, which is now known all over the world, is Andy Warhol (Andriy Vargola) - an American of Lemko's ancestry, who created a whole direction of modern cultural and artistic development called "pop art". Nikifor Drovniak, a representative of the "naive" folk art of the Polish Carpathians, also has Lemko's roots. Finally, one ca…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Lemkis
  topic: keywords
subject: Lemkivshchyna
  topic: keywords
subject: festival "Lemkivska Vatra" (Poland)
  topic: keywords
subject: festivals of Lemkiv culture in Ukraine
  topic: keywords
subject: "Vatra in solidarity with Ukraine"
  topic: keywords
subject: M. Verbytskyi
  topic: keywords
subject: A. Vargola
  topic: keywords
subject: N. Drovniak
  topic: keywords
subject: B.-I. Antonych
  topic: keywords
subject: 106 – Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Ihor SMYRNOV
creator: Olga LUBITSEVA
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Д-р геогр. наук, проф. Ігор СМИРНОВ, Д-р геогр. наук, проф. Ольга ЛЮБІЦЕВА https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-06-25
publication date: 2024-06-25
starting page: 19
ending page: 33
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2024.88-89.3

SOCIO-CULTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF UKRAINIAN BORDERLANDS IN THE WAR AND POST-WAR PERIOD: A RESEARCH REVIEW
type: item
description: Background. The transformation processes taking place in Ukraine as a result of the full-scale invasion are changing the vector of development of its territories, including the social and cultural spheres. The study of the body of scientific works on social and cultural transformations in the life of the population, border areas and the impact of military armed aggression on the life of the population and the development of the territories, including the border, is relevant for the creation of a theoretical framework, a research basis for future studies of socio-cultural transformations of Ukraine's border areas in the war and post-war period. Such studies should be based on the works of Ukrainian and foreign scholars, which will allow for a comprehensive understanding of the theoretical aspects of these transformation processes. Methods. The study used mostly general scientific methods, as well as identified methods for potential research, including questionnaires and spatial perception. Results. The study analyses the scientific achievements of Ukrainian and foreign scholars in the field of social and cultural studies, studies of socio-cultural transformations, especially in the war and post-war period, as well as the impact of military armed aggression on socio-cultural transformations. The main patterns and trends of these studies are identified, in particular their focus on the study of certain socio-cultural aspects of population development, as well as certain post-war transformation processes taking place in the territories of military operations (usually using the example of international experience). The author outlines possible prospects for the development of research on the socio-cultural transformation of border areas during and after the war, in particular research aimed at developing recommendations for improving the social and cultural situation of the population of border areas in the post-war period, as these studies are particularly valuable for …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: socio-cultural transformations
  topic: keywords
subject: borderlands
  topic: keywords
subject: border areas
  topic: keywords
subject: development of territories
  topic: keywords
subject: impact of military operations on the development of territories
  topic: keywords
subject: post-war reconstruction
  topic: keywords
subject: post-war development of territories
  topic: keywords
subject: research excursion
  topic: keywords
subject: 106 – Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Serhii ZAPOTOTSKYI
creator: Liudmyla RYNDICH
creator: Hlib MATYUNIN
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Д-р геогр. наук, проф. Сергій ЗАПОТОЦЬКИЙ, Асп. Людмила РИНДІЧ, Гліб МАТЮНІН https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-06-25
publication date: 2024-06-25
starting page: 13
ending page: 18
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2024.88-89.2

INDICATORS AND CALCULATION PARAMETERS IN THE ASSESSMENT OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES FOR BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
type: item
description: Background. The concept of ecosystem services (ES) is closely related to the concept of biodiversity conservation. Urban green spaces (UGS) are areas of importance for urban biodiversity conservation. UGSs can effectively provide biodiversity services if they form an ecological network. The issue of assessing ecosystem services for biodiversity conservation in cities, where the assessment of ES is based on the "ecological network" approach, is currently not sufficiently covered. The development of a set of assessment indicators, calculation parameters, and a methodology for assessing ecosystem services for biodiversity conservation in the city has become the goal of this work. Methods. In this paper, we have developed an assessment methodology based on determining the effectiveness of the UGSs performance of "eco-network" functions. Differences in the indicators of biodiversity conservation are caused by a number of factors. The natural factors include the presence of rare and endangered species within the UGS; landscape diversity; metric and qualitative characteristics of green spaces. Anthropogenic factors include the degree of landscape transformation. Results. Accordingly, these factors have become indicators for assessing: biopopulation, landscape diversity, nature conservation, territorial, phase-anthropisation and phase-ethological sustainability. The calculated parameters are: biopopulation potential indicator, integral indicator of landscape diversity, indicator of conservation status, sufficient dimensionality, phase- anthropisation sustainability index, etc. These parameters make it possible to implement the assessment methodology at two territorial levels (citywide and local) and determine the effectiveness of the urban blue-green infrastructure (BGI) or a particular UGS in performing the biodiversity conservation function. The effectiveness of UGS s is determined depending on their condition. At the city-wide level, the effectiveness is determined throu…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Urban green spaces
  topic: keywords
subject: ecosystem services
  topic: keywords
subject: biodiversity conservation
  topic: keywords
subject: 103 – Earth Sciences
  topic: disciplines
creator: Nataliia KOROHODA
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Канд. геогр. наук, доц. Наталія КОРОГОДА https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-06-25
publication date: 2024-06-25
starting page: 7
ending page: 12
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2024.88-89.1

TOPONYMIC DECOLONIZING IN CITY OF KYIV: A SPATIAL WAYFINDING APPROACH
type: item
description: Introduction. In the article, we analyze the process of decolonization of toponyms of the city of Kyiv, which arose in the 19th and 20th centuries as a consequence of the imperial policy of Russia in its various historical guises. Methods. The research consists the formalization of the active process of toponyms decolonization in City of Kyiv. In the course of this work, the retrospective of the formation and transformations of toponyms was analyzed, a comparative description of derussification and the past processes of desovietization and decommunization was given. On the basis of theoretical works, the current legal framework and practical manuals, the connections between the use of toponyms and spatial wayfinding are revealed. Results. The common and distinctive features of the various stages of decolonization of toponyms are revealed – desovietization in the 1990s-2000s, decommunization in 2015–2022, and derussification since 2022. The current toponymic field of City of Kyiv is characterized, divided into administrative and vernacular toponyms. The interconnectedness of the toponymic field and the transport system is emphasized, and a new class of toponyms based on denotation – directoponyms – is proposed. The current and potential problems of spatial wayfinding in the urbanized environment, related to the peculiarities of the toponymic field of City of Kyiv, are highlighted. The principles of optimal naming of urban objects with an emphasis on the spatial wayfinding aspect have been developed to avoid collective topographical disorientation. The main groups of urban names that are subject to renaming have been determined, as well as those that are subject to reconsideration. An assessment of the official process of derussification of objects under the city subordination is given. Based on the principles of optimal naming, new toponyms were proposed and the results of voting by Kyiv residents and the adoption of relevant decisions by the Kyiv City Council were a…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: toponymics
  topic: keywords
subject: toponym
  topic: keywords
subject: toponymic field
  topic: keywords
subject: decolonization
  topic: keywords
subject: derussification
  topic: keywords
subject: wayfinding
  topic: keywords
subject: public transport
  topic: keywords
subject: Kyiv
  topic: keywords
subject: 106 – Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Tymofii NAHORNYI
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Асп. Тимофій НАГОРНИЙ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-06-30
publication date: 2023-06-30
starting page: 65
ending page: 72
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2023.87.4

DESIGN OF MILITARY GEOINFORMATION SYSTEMS. PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS
type: item
description: The article deals with the actual task of designing military geoinformation systems. Such GIS can significantly simplify the solution of an operational and tactical task for the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The analysis of similar geoinformation systems used by the armed forces of other countries shows that in the modern conditions of conducting military operations, it is impossible to do without digital technologies and geoinformation systems. The practical experience of solving such problems, in which topographical and geodetic data are used, is difficult due to the large volume of data and the complexity of their processing. Most of the calculations performed while preparing for the execution of a combat task are solved with the help of military information systems at the stage of setting and clarifying a task. The purpose of the article is to solve topographic and geodetic problems with the helping of geoinformation systems in a shorter time. The use of specialized military assignment systems makes it possible to significantly reduce the time needed to assess the situation and develop action plans for troops. The authors conducted studies of various types of complex information-processing algorithms. To solve the task of designing a geoinformation system for military use, it was suggested to use the existing geoinformation system. Such a GIS must be improved for use in the Armed Forces. It is possible to perform the task by introducing a programming language for solving specific problems and cutting off unused modules. It is an important that throughout the entire life cycle it will be necessary to maintain the level of secrecy until the last stage of the project. Results. The authors developed an algorithm for designing a geoinformation system for military using.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: geoinformation systems
  topic: keywords
subject: automated military system
  topic: keywords
subject: geospatial information
  topic: keywords
subject: electronic map
  topic: keywords
subject: 193 – Geodesy and Land Management
  topic: disciplines
creator: Olena POMORTSEVA
creator: Sergiy KOBZAN
creator: Inna GAMAYUN
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Канд. техн. наук, доц. Олена ПОМОРЦЕВА, Канд. техн. наук, доц. Сергій КОБЗАН, Студ. Інна ГАМАЮН https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-06-30
publication date: 2023-06-30
starting page: 60
ending page: 64
doi: 10.17721/1728-2721.2023.87.3